Cassock - The medieval cassock, known as the Carcalla, was full-length hooded garment with wide sleeves tightly cuffed at the wrists and usually lined with fur or sheepskin for warmth. It was worn beneath the Alb and was, consequently, unseen. At first it was fastened at the front with ties-strings but by the thirteenth century buttons were in use, the hood was detachable and the stand collar appeared. Later that century the buttoning became complex and closely spaced and back pleats from waistline to hem were introduced. It is a close-fitting garment, reaching the feet, and may be worn by all ordained clergy as a symbol of a servant. The Bishop continues to wear the cassock as part of his garb because Jesus instructed that those who would be chief among us must be a servant.