Mitre
- In
England, the Miter was not worn in church until the Norman Conquest.
It derives from the Phrygian worn by Roman freeman to cover their
shaven heads and originally was a soft conical cap. It later became
lower and 'ears' at the side of the head resulted from the absence
of stiffening to the cap. By the middle of the twelfth century the
cap was interlined and worn with the 'ears' or points, at front
and back of the head, and the ribbons or streamers became the infulea
of the lappets, to be seen at the back of the modern Miter. It is
customary, although not necessary, that the Miter is made of matching
material to the Cope and Chasuble, and that the orphrey arrangement
is an inverted 'T'-shape (symbolic of the Crucifixion of St. Peter)
and complements the material and color used for the Cope and Chasuble.
The liturgical headdress is worn by Popes, Cardinals and Bishops.
It is removed when the celebrant prays. The points symbolize the
cloven tongues on the heads of the disciples on the day of the Pentecost
and the streamers represent the everlasting living water that Christ
offers to the believer.
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